History of the Keyboard

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Keyboard instruments have existed since ancient times. It was not clear initially appropriate. In the west is called diatonic scales, and divided into 12 tones. There is a full tone and no tone semi-tone. On the instrument keyboard, the two groups of tones are commonly distinguished by the key light and dark colored.  Series arrangement of the chromatic keys (includes 12 tones) appeared in Europe in the 14th century. At the beginning emergence, the blades (the keys) is still very wide in size. The blades can be several centimeters in width, up to not much harmoniyang tones can be generated. Only in the 16th century, appears standardization keys. This means the diatonic tones to be included in the width of one hand, to musical harmonics can be generated. In this new development, a key black putihdan also been created.



The new electronic keyboard appears on the 20th century. Was first marketed by Laurens Hammond in the United States in 1935. Since then begin berkembanginstrumen which had now become king of musical instruments. Symphony orchestra sound even with dozens of instruments can be generated by a single keyboard only.

Synthesizer Era

The emergence of silicon transistors with low prices and top quality facilitate the efforts of engineers to develop a sound-producing instruments. Tool that can generate compact and conventional sounds such as acoustic noise produced by strings, drums, or brass, or unusual sounds like a kind of atonal sound inter-metallic creak.

In 1962 an Italian engineer Paolo Ketoff issuing instruments called Synket. This tool produces experimental music for listeners who are not musical layman. Two years later appeared in the American musical instrument invented by Donald Buchla and Robert Moog only. Donald Buchla tool does not use the keyboard as a device to play it but with a touch-sensitive surface. Robert Moog makes tools that use the keyboard as a device pengolahnya. At his side was placed a conventional controller such as the play button to harden and memelainkan sound, as well as to set the high and low tones produced.

Robert Moog's creation is further facilitate its use for the steady sound of traditional music in the new order. The works of Johan Sebastian Bach can be played with the Mini Moog, so-called appliance. When that tool is not able to play a harmonic tone. Only one-one note can be played, this hinggainstrumen popular as carriers of melody in popular music. Rock music, including the first to adopt this tool in the genre of progressive rock bands such as Yes, Genesis, Emerson Lake and Palmer.

Digital Era

New in 1980 synthesizer can issue a harmonic sound. The first equipment is the famous Yamaha DX-7 came out in 1983. This equipment uses the development from the time of Robert Moog synthesizer with Frequenty Modulation Synthesis designed by John Chowning of Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. FM produces a variety of timbre by changing the frequency of a wave with an amplitude proportional lainyang wave. Yamaha DX-7 has a five octave keyboard.

More than 100,000 sold Yamaha device.

Then in the next year issued a Casio CZ-101 which uses a battery for power. Have four votes and the ability to follow an analog synthesizer. CZ-101 sale price is only a quarter of the price of the Yamaha DX-7 to the popularity of electronic keyboards to be greatly increased. The voices can be recorded. The results of these recordings in the form of waves of tone which is translated as digital data. This digital data can be processed and re sounded with musical control. This is called sampling instruments. This sampling has become a common part of the electronic keyboard instrument.

Sampling first issued in 1970 by Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument (CMI) in Sydney, Australia. Fairlight CMI is a general computing device with additional devices that can record and turn it into digital data (digitize), then save and play back on the instrument keyboard.

Save and replay capability was developed by Raymond Kurzweil in 1984 through a device called a Kurzweil 250. In kibornya there are digital codes of grand piano sound, stringed instrument (strings), and more orchestral timbre of musical instruments. This tool is intended for use other than the show is also intended to create a composition. Kiboryang evolved with the ability polyphony and sampling synthesizer workstation called musical.

In 1983 some musical instrument manufacturing procedures agreed to incorporate a variety of musical equipment to work in a computer device. The result is the Musical Instrument Digital Interface or MIDI. MIDI tone becomes a way to order what was played in what timbre, feel nothing, and so on. With computers and the appropriate program, it can be done like what can be done in a sophisticated musical workstation. Today world music performances always include an electronic keyboard instruments such as this concise.

And in this Digital Age, many parts of the show right now, is not very strange to see a player who plays a keyboard solo complete music like a band was playing. There are sound melody guitar, piano accompaniment, the sound of marching drums and bass guitar. This is called a multifunction keyboard. The keyboard musical instrument which supported the completeness of digital sound technology is increasingly in demand. Moreover, an instrument with a series of keys that can now be assigned to double. The keyboard can represent a variety of other musical sounds. Musical talent could be better supported by multifunction devices, ie keyboard. So do not be surprised if the shop is not only versatile musical instrument made by the workers of music. This is because almost everyone wants to make beautiful music or pleasant to hear.

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